A DSM-Based Analysis and Improvement of Structural Complexity in Off Site Construction Factory Workflows - Focused on a Large-Scale OSC Project Case

This study applies Design Structure Matrix (DSM) methodology to diagnose and improve structural complexity in Off-Site Construction (OSC) factory processes, using a large-scale Korean project comprising 575 modular units. Field observations and BIM-based modeling identified 62 manufacturing activities. DSM partitioning analysis revealed critical structural issues: 11 feedback loops, four interdependent activity clusters, and physical workflow discontinuities. A TO-BE model was developed by integrating fragmented processes and decomposing complex clusters into sequential workflows. DSM validation confirmed the complete elimination of all feed-back links and clusters, achieving a fully sequential structure that supports the transition from batch production to continuous-flow OSC manufacturing.