Working paper proposes a framework explaining fan group punitive behavior in virtual performance contexts, suggesting implications for understanding social interactions.
A working paper proposing a multi-domain theoretical framework for explaining collective punitive behavior enacted by highly engaged fan subgroups on behalf of avatar-mediated performers (such as VTubers), even when the performer has sought de-escalation. The paper introduces two core concepts: Parasocial Proxy Punishment Mode (PPPM) and Domain-Limited Social Autonomy Collapse (DLSAC), and argues that the phenomenon is non-pathological, domain-limited, and reversible.
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Q Tekitou (2026) studied this question.
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