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March 18, 2026Annals of Pediatric CardiologyOpen Access

VR-enhanced CT reduces preprocedural planning deviations for junior cardiologists, matching senior accuracy with CT alone.

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Why the study?

Accurate preprocedural planning is critical for complex transcatheter structural heart interventions, and VR-enhanced imaging may improve accuracy and reduce variability between operators of differing experience levels.

Does preprocedural planning with CT plus VR reduce deviation from the procedural plan compared to CT alone in patients undergoing complex structural cardiac interventions?

Comparison

CT plus VR vs CT alone for preprocedural planning

Design

Randomized controlled trial

Key result

Virtual reality-enhanced CT imaging reduced preprocedural planning deviations for junior cardiologists, achieving accuracy comparable to senior cardiologists using CT alone (P=0.233).

Authors

IGIshita GargPSPramod SagarPTPuthiyedath Thejaswi

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Overview

May bridge experience gap for juniors planning complex structural interventions; extends RCT evidence for VR-enhanced CT.

Key Points

  • To assess the utility of virtual reality in improving planning accuracy for complex cardiac interventions.
  • Randomized controlled trial design
  • Participants underwent either CT alone or CT plus VR for planning
  • Evaluations included sinus venosus defect closure, pulmonary artery stenting, and percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation
  • Comparison of deviations from preprocedural plans between groups
  • Significant reduction in plan deviations with VR compared to CT alone (P = 0.0195)
  • Junior cardiologists using VR had plan deviations comparable to senior cardiologists (P = 0.233)
  • VR resulted in better agreement with procedural outcomes for SVD closure than senior cardiologists (P = 0.0196)
  • No significant differences observed in planning accuracy for PPVI or PA stenting

Structured PICO

Does preprocedural planning with CT plus VR reduce deviation from the procedural plan compared to CT alone in patients undergoing complex structural cardiac interventions?

P
Population
40 patients undergoing complex transcatheter structural heart interventions (20 sinus venosus defect closure, 12 pulmonary artery stenting, and 8 percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation).
I
Intervention
Preprocedural planning using computed tomography (CT) plus virtual reality (VR) enhanced imaging.
C
Comparator
Preprocedural planning using computed tomography (CT) alone.
O
Outcome
Deviation from the preprocedural plan during the actual intervention.surrogate

Virtual reality-enhanced imaging for preprocedural planning improves the accuracy of junior cardiologists to the level of senior experts in complex structural heart interventions.

Cite This Study

Garg et al. (2025) studied this question. Virtual reality-enhanced CT imaging reduced preprocedural planning deviations for junior cardiologists, achieving accuracy comparable to senior cardiologists using CT alone (P=0.233).

synapsesocial.com/papers/69ba42dc4e9516ffd37a37d3https://doi.org/10.4103/apc.apc_231_25
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Planning of transcatheter aortic valve implantation using computed tomography and virtual reality - a prospective, randomized controlled trial2025
  2. 2Virtual reality for pre-procedural planning of valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation2025 · 3 citations
  3. 3Reliability of Immersive Virtual Reality for Pre-Procedural Planning for TAVI: A CT-Based Validation2025
  4. 4Virtual reality in percutaneous coronary intervention: from coronary imaging and procedural planning to patient care2026
  5. 5Reliability of immersive virtual reality for pre-procedural planning for TAVI: a CT-based validation2026