Clinicians demonstrate the need for changes in lens parameters to improve near vision with telescopes, suggesting better practices.
This paper explains why the accommodative response to near objects is ineffective through a telescope. A simple formula is used to demonstrate the need for a bifocal spectacle objective or a change in vertex distance when viewing near objects with a contact lens spectacle lens telescope. Using this exact formula, clinicians can now more precisely compare refractions with and without a telescope. The formula also shows why refractions with telescopes used for driving should be accomplished at test distances of 20 feet or more.
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Allan N. Freid (1977) studied this question.
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