Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Toxoplasmosis and Neosporosis Among Small‐Scale Farmers in Bangladesh: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine small‐scale farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in eight strategically selected districts across Bangladesh. Methods A total of 384 small‐scale farmers participated in this cross‐sectional survey held between March 2025 and July 2025. Small‐scale farmers who had at least two livestock animals and had raised animals for at least a year are included in this study. To identify factors associated with KAP regarding these diseases, categorical variables were summarized using frequencies and percentages, nonparametric tests were applied to nonnormally distributed continuous variables, and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to determine independent predictors of KAP scores, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results Among livestock farmers, only 10.7% of participants in this survey had a good level of knowledge of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis. On the other hand, 79.4% demonstrated a positive attitude, and although 76.6% of respondents exhibited appropriate preventive practices, the alarming thing is 80% of the farmers handle their livestock without any protective measures. Higher knowledge and attitude scores were independently associated with female sex ( β = 4.9; 95% CI: 1.2–8.6; p = 0.009) and higher education ( β = 20.0; 95% CI: 11.0–29.0; p < 0.001), while good practices were mainly driven by animal management training ( β = 13.0; 95% CI: 7.5–18.0; p < 0.001) and veterinary consultation ( β = 7.0; 95% CI: 2.9–11.0; p < 0.001). Conclusion The results show how urgently focused educational interventions are needed to improve farmers’ knowledge of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis and to encourage good management practices. Enhancing knowledge and resource accessibility could greatly reduce the health hazards associated with these diseases and boost public health in Bangladesh.