March 21, 2026Journal of the American Heart Association3 citationsOpen Access
Prevalence and Incidence of Heart Failure Phenotypes Among Transgender and Gender‐Diverse Adults in the United States
View Full Paper
Key Result
Prevalent systolic and incident diastolic heart failure differ by gender identity among transgender and gender-diverse adults after adjusting for age and clinical comorbidities.
Key Points
- The aim is to investigate how heart failure types vary within transgender and gender-diverse adults in the U.S.
- Evaluated prevalence of systolic and diastolic heart failure
- Adjusted for age and clinical comorbidities
- Analyzed data on gender identity and heart failure types
- Systolic heart failure prevalence varied significantly by gender identity
- Incident cases of diastolic heart failure also differed
- Identified a need for future research on specific gender-based risk modifiers
Structured PICO
P
Population
Transgender and gender-diverse adults
O
Outcome
Prevalence and incidence of heart failure phenotypes (systolic and diastolic HF)
Gender identity is associated with differences in the prevalence of systolic HF and incidence of diastolic HF, highlighting the need to understand sex- and gender-based HF risk modifiers.
Abstract
Prevalent systolic HF and incident diastolic HF differed by gender identity after adjustment for age and clinical comorbidities. Further research is needed to identify underrecognized sex- and gender-based HF risk modifiers.
Cite This Study
Everitt et al. (2026) studied this question. Prevalent systolic and incident diastolic heart failure differ by gender identity among transgender and gender-diverse adults after adjusting for age and clinical comorbidities.