Comprehensive overview of the epoxidation process of non-edible oil and its applications

The demand for eco-friendly epoxides has driven significant growth in vegetable oil-based epoxidation. This paper highlights the significance of epoxidized nonedible oils as sustainable chemical precursors, offering a biodegradable and renewable alternative to traditional petrochemical resources. With applications spanning lubricants, plasticizers, and polymer precursors, vegetable oil-based epoxides provide versatility for diverse industries. The study explores the epoxidation reaction’s core principles, focusing on the transformation of unsaturated vegetable oil bonds into epoxide functional groups through oxidants and catalysts. It also examines optimization strategies to improve process efficiency, yield, and selectivity, while addressing challenges like degradation and stability. By prioritizing nonedible oils, this research aligns with global sustainability goals, reducing competition with food resources and advancing eco-friendly materials through green chemistry.