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Should not yet guide clinical HRV use for cognition; leaves open targeted trials in cardiovascular populations.
These findings in total suggest an important relationship among cognitive performance, HRV, and prefrontal neural function that has important implications for both physical and mental health. Future studies are needed to determine exactly which executive functions are associated with individual differences in HRV in a wider range of situations and populations.
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Thayer et al. (2009) studied this question.