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March 25, 2026NutrientsOpen Access

Adherence and Metabolic Outcomes of Early and Late Time-Restricted Eating with Energy Restriction vs. Energy Restriction Alone: A 6-Month Follow-Up

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Authors

TČTanja ČrešnovarUniversity of PrimorskaBHBernarda HabeUniversity of PrimorskaNMNina MohorkoUniversity of Primorska

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Overview

Trial examines adherence and metabolic effects in time-restricted eating and energy restriction, highlighting barriers to long-term weight maintenance.

Key Points

  • This study aims to assess the long-term adherence and metabolic outcomes of early and late time-restricted eating combined with energy restriction compared to energy restriction alone.
  • Participants completed a 3-month intervention followed by a 6-month follow-up without dietary guidance.
  • The study measured adherence rates, body composition, metabolic hormones, and cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • Perceived barriers to adherence were assessed to evaluate their impact on weight maintenance.
  • Adherence rates were low across all groups: 7.7% for eTRE + ER, 18.2% for lTRE + ER, and 9.5% for ER.
  • Reduced adherence led to partial reversal of health improvements observed during the initial intervention.
  • Psychosocial and environmental barriers significantly impacted body mass changes, particularly in the eTRE + ER group.

Cite This Study

Črešnovar et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69c37be2b34aaaeb1a67ebc1https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18061004
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Effect of Time‐Restricted Eating on Metabolic Adaptation in Adults With Severe Obesity During Early Phase of Weight Loss2026
  2. 2Post-intervention sustainability of time-restricted eating versus caloric restriction: a secondary analysis2025 · 1 citations
  3. 3Effect of Early Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic Markers and Body Composition in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity2024 · 3 citations
  4. 4Time‐Restricted Eating on Appetite and Inflammation in Adults With Obesity and Prediabetes: A Randomized Feeding Study2026
  5. 5Comparison of time-restricted eating and a six-meal diet: Effects on body composition and biochemical parameters.2025