What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to develop a method for selecting among multiple treatments based on their efficacy and safety compared to a control.

March 27, 2026Sankhya BOpen Access

A Design for Selecting Among k Treatments with Two Binary Endpoints in Comparison to a Control Treatment

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This method identifies superior treatments through efficacy and safety comparisons, with implications for better clinical decisions.

The aim is to develop a method for selecting among multiple treatments based on their efficacy and safety compared to a control.
Introduce a selection method for k experimental treatments with binary endpoints.
Identify the treatment with the highest efficacy from those surpassing control in both efficacy and safety.
Handle cases where no treatments meet criteria by selecting the control instead.
Employ a quadrinomial distribution for exact calculation of outcomes.
Use actual outcome counts for accurate sample size determination.
The proposed method allows for precise identification of effective treatments.
Exact counts improve accuracy in determining sample sizes compared to normal approximations.
When effective treatments are lacking, the control treatment is accurately retained for safety.

Yin et al. (2026) studied this question.

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