Demonstrates a versatile cryoscope that measures freezing-point depression in educational settings, indicating its value for teaching concepts of colligative properties.
An inexpensive and versatile cryoscope (the cost of the whole instrument is under $150) was designed and built. It is suitable for learning and teaching the concepts associated with colligative properties. The portability and user-friendliness make it very suitable for classroom demonstrations. Two kinds of thermometric sensors are described, a commercial one and one home made from a NTC electronic component. The data can be recorded manually or by a common RS-232 multimeter. The instrument provides an easy way of determining molecular weights, association/dissociation constants, and is even useful for near-quantitative treatment of nonideal behavior when used by undergraduate students at a more advanced level. The instrument can be easily modified for use with solvents that possess freezing points above room temperature.
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González-Arjona et al. (2006) studied this question.
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