Numerical Investigation of Structural Behavior of Waffle Slab Buildings Under Multi-Load Conditions

Waffle slab systems are increasingly adopted in multi-storey buildings due to their ability to achieve longer spans, reduced self-weight, and enhanced architectural flexibility. This study presents a numerical investigation on the analysis and design of a G+4 reinforced concrete waffle slab building using STAAD.Pro software in accordance with Indian Standard codes. The structural model is developed by incorporating realistic geometric configurations, material properties, and boundary conditions. Dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads are applied as per IS 456:2000, IS 875, and IS 1893 provisions. Finite element analysis is carried out to evaluate critical structural responses such as deflection, shear force, bending moment, axial force, plate stress, and beam stress. The design of slabs, beams, columns, and foundations is performed using the limit state method, and the adequacy of structural elements is verified against strength and serviceability requirements. The results demonstrate that waffle slab systems provide efficient load distribution, controlled deflections, and economical reinforcement requirements when compared to conventional slab systems. The study confirms that the proposed waffle slab structure is safe, stable, and suitable for medium-rise buildings in seismic regions