In 2023, a Guandi Temple was established in Osaka, Japan, by new overseas Chinese worshippers.The facility served as a site for religious practice for the Chinese community, while also remaining accessible to the host society.This study examined the relationship between the local communities and the temple based on visitor trends.The survey indicated that, while the Chinese community primarily visits the temple for worship, Japanese visitors utilize the temple in more diverse ways.This suggests a non-Western understanding of "religion" one that challenges the dichotomy of the religious-secular.
Honda et al. (Fri,) studied this question.