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April 3, 2026Discover Public HealthOpen Access

A Delphi protocol for determining public health relevance of hypertension risk factors towards precision prevention in South Africa

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Why the study?

A ranked compendium of hypertension risk factors is needed to advance precision prevention efforts and prioritize intervention targets in South Africa.

Population

Experts with at least ten years of experience in hypertension care or cardiovascular research in South Africa

Design

Two-round online Delphi study protocol

Key result

A Delphi protocol was designed to determine the public health relevance of hypertension risk factors in South Africa to advance precision prevention, with no results currently available.

Authors

MNMartins NwekeNGNalini GovenderJPJulian Pillay

Discussion

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Overview

May improve precision hypertension prevention in South Africa; extends Delphi consensus to local public health research.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the public health relevance of hypertension risk factors in South Africa using expert consensus.
  • Utilized a Delphi technique for risk factor assessment.
  • Surveyed hypertension experts in South Africa over two online rounds.
  • Participants rated risk factors on a four-point Likert scale.
  • Anonymous responses were coded for confidentiality.
  • Consensus was assessed using variance and interquartile range.
  • Identified key hypertension risk factors of high public health relevance.
  • Established a ranked list to prioritize intervention targets.
  • Provided a foundation for enhancing national hypertension prevention efforts.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Experts with at least ten years of experience in hypertension care or cardiovascular research in South Africa
I
Intervention
Two online Delphi rounds to rate hypertension risk factors based on public health relevance
O
Outcome
Consensus on the public health relevance of hypertension risk factors, assessed through variance and interquartile range (IQR ≤ 1 indicating strong agreement)

This protocol outlines a Delphi study to rank hypertension risk factors by public health relevance in South Africa, aiming to guide precision prevention and resource allocation.

Limitations

  • The iterative nature of the Delphi process may be time-consuming
  • Participant attrition may occur across rounds
  • Absence of face-to-face interaction may limit the opportunity for immediate clarification or deeper discussions
  • Reliance on expert interpretation introduces potential subjectivity
  • Iterative nature of the Delphi process may be time-consuming

Cite This Study

Nweke et al. (2026) studied Hypertension. Delphi technique was evaluated on Consensus on public health relevance of hypertension risk factors. A Delphi protocol was designed to determine the public health relevance of hypertension risk factors in South Africa to advance precision prevention, with no results currently available.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69cf5ced5a333a821460a71ehttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-026-01831-3
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