The Endemic Plant Malabaila nydeggeri (Yıld. & Dinç) Menemen: In Vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities

Objective: Malabaila Hoffm. the genus (Apiaceae) is distributed in the Iran-Turan phytogeographic region and is represented by 7 species in the flora of Türkiye. In this study, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activities as well as antioxidant capacities of the endemic Malabaila nydeggeri (Yıld. & Dinç) Menemen were evaluated and compared in the fruit and leaf extracts of the plant. Material and Methods: Antioxidant activities of each extract were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and iron chelation methods, and total phenolic and flavonoid content analyzes were defined by spectrophotometry. Comparison of 4 different plant extracts prepared from both leaves and fruits with polar and nonpolar solvents also supported the originality of the study. Results: The amounts of phytocemicals of ethanol extracts prepared from leaves and fruits were found to be higher than n-hexane extracts. The phenolic contents of ethanol fruit extract were found as 75.00±3.64 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract, and total flavonoid amounts of ethanol fruit extract were found as 58.20±3.75 mg quercetin equivalents/g extract. And it was concluded that more than 70% of the phenolic compounds in these extracts may be flavonoids. It was determined that ethanol extracts demonstrated higher enzyme inhibition than n-hexane extracts for M. nydeggeri. Conclusion: Ethanol leaf extract showed the highest tyrosinase inhibition (48.06±1.89%), while ethanol fruit extract showed the highest cholinesterase inhibition (96.21±1.34% for AChE, and 74.83±3.85% for BChE). Ethanolic fruit extract of M. nydeggeri is thought to have significant potential in the development of new preparations.