Comparison of the gingival phenotype in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects among patients suffering from periodontal diseases

March 31, 2026Sulaimani dental journalOpen Access

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Key Points

The study aims to investigate the association between gingival phenotype and diabetes among individuals with periodontal diseases.
Examined two hundred patients showing class II malocclusion.
Selected twenty patients each with a retrognathic mandible and normal mandible based on lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Extracted DNA from saliva samples of forty individuals and amplified FGFR2 genes using PCR.
Analyzed sequenced samples using a phylogenetic tree.
Patients with class II exhibited a retrognathic mandible and a normally positioned maxilla.
FGFR2 exon 10 appeared more promising for detecting class II malocclusion compared to exon 8.
All identified mutations were point mutations classified as new SNPs.

Comparison reveals differences in gingival phenotype among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects, suggesting implications for treatment.

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Aram O. Hamad (2026) studied this question.

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