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Design
Review article
Updates cardiorenal syndrome synthesis for clinicians; extends prior reviews but leaves open needs for prospective trials.
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) encompasses various disorders of the heart and kidneys; dysfunction of one organ leads to acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. It incorporates the intersection of heart-kidney interactions across several mediums, hemodynamically, through the alterations in neurohormonal markers, and increased venous and renal pressure, all of which are hallmarks of its clinical phenotypes. This article explores the epidemiology, pathology, classification and treatment of each type of CRS.
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Raina et al. (2020) studied this question.
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