Decreased nitric oxide production is a novel therapeutic target for salt-induced nocturnal polyuria in aging

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Exercise-induced changes in 24-hour urinary NOx amount. 24-hour urinary NOx levels were compared between Sed, Low-Ex, and Mod-Ex groups. Tukey’s honestly significant difference test was performed (n = 5 per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Error bars represent s.e.m.

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  Fig. 2. Increasing NO production-induced changes in intrarenal RAS and NCC activity in the active period. (a) AGT/ACTB levels were compared between Sed and Mod-Ex groups. Representative immunoblotting (above) and quantitative analysis (below) of renal AGT in the active period. Two-tailed Student’s t-test was performed (n = 6, each group), **P < 0.01. Error bars represent s.e.m. (b) pNCC/NCC levels were compared between Sed and Mod-Ex groups. Representative immunoblotting (above and middle) and quantitative analysis (below) of renal phosphorylated NCC (pT53), NCC, and ACTB in the active period. Two-tailed Student’s t-test was performed (n = 6, each group), **P < 0.01. Error bars represent s.e.m.

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  Fig. 3. Increasing NO production-induced changes in urinary sodium excretion kinetics and diurnal polyuria index. 24-hour sodium excretion (a), sodium excretion during the active (b), and sodium excretion during inactive periods (c) were compared between the Sed and Mod-Ex groups. A two-tailed Student’s t-test was performed (n = 6 per group); *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Error bars represent s.e.m., n.s.: Not significant. The 4-hour urinary volume for 3.5 consecutive days in the Sed (d) and Mod-Ex (e) groups at week 2 (baseline) and week 6 was measured using the automated voiding staining on the paper method (aVSOP). Changes in the DPi were compared between Sed and Ex groups (f). Data were obtained from the same mice. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed (n = 6 per group); *P < 0.05 (time-by-group interaction). Error bars represent s.e.m.

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  Fig. 4. The effect of NO suppression on exercise-induced changes in 24-hour urinary NOx amount, intrarenal RAS activity, and DPi. (a) 24-hour urinary NOx amounts were compared among Sed with L-NAME, Mod-Ex with L-NAME, and Mod-Ex group. Tukey’s honestly significant difference test was performed (n = 5, each group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Error bars represent s.e.m. (b) AGT/ACTB levels were compared among Sed with L-NAME, Mod-Ex with L-NAME, and Mod-Ex groups. Representative immunoblotting (above) and quantitative analysis (below) of renal AGT in the active period. Tukey’s honestly significant difference test was performed (n = 4, each group), *P < 0.05. Error bars represent s.e.m. The 4-hour urinary volume for 3.5 consecutive days in Sed with L-NAME (c), Mod-Ex with L-NAME (d), and Mod-Ex (e) groups at week 2 (baseline) and week 6 was measured using aVSOP. Changes in the DPi were compared between Sed with L-NAME, Mod-Ex with L-NAME, and Mod-Ex Groups (f). Data were obtained from the same mice. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed (n = 6, each group) *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (Time-by-group interaction). Error bars represent s.e.m.