Relative Contributions of Arterial Stiffness and Hypertension to Cardiovascular Disease: The Framingham Heart Study

Figures

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  Figure 1. Cumulative incidence of cardiovascular events in groups by hypertension and pulse wave velocity status (truncated at 13 years after baseline). HT indicates hypertension; NT, normotension; PWV, pulse wave velocity.

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  Figure 2. Risk of left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiovascular events in groups by hypertension and pulse wave velocity status. Odds/hazard ratios (95% CIs) are adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol. Trend in odds and hazard ratios was tested by entering the exposure categories as a linear term in the model. HDL indicates high‐density lipoprotein; PWV, pulse wave velocity.

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  Figure 3. Proportion of participants with increased pulse wave velocity (over age‐ and sex‐specific median) in groups by hypertension subtype. P≤0.001 for all between‐group differences. BP indicates blood pressure; HTN, hypertension; PWV, pulse wave velocity.