Association between the triglyceride–glucose index and the risk of mortality among patients with chronic heart failure: results from a retrospective cohort study in China

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Flow diagram of patients selection. CTD connective tissue diseases, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FBG fasting blood glucose, TG triglyceride, BMI body mass Index, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, CV death cardiovascular death, TyG index triglyceride–glucose index

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  Fig. 2. Kaplan–Meier estimation of (a) all-cause death and (b) CV death by tertiles of TyG index in HF patients. CV death cardiovascular death, TyG index triglyceride–glucose index, HF heart failure

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  Fig. 3. Forest plot of all-cause death and CV death according to tertiles of TyG index in HF patients with different metabolic status adjusted for model 2. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, CV death cardiovascular death, TyG index triglyceride–glucose index, HF heart failure, MetS metabolic syndrome. aP for interaction between the TyG index and the metabolic status with all-cause death as an endpoint, bP for interaction between the TyG index and the metabolic status with CV death as an endpoint

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  Fig. 4. Forest plot of all-cause death and CV death according to tertiles of TyG index in different HF phenotypes adjusted for model 2. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, CV death cardiovascular death, TyG index triglyceride-glucose index, HF heart failure, HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HFmrEF heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction, HFpEF heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. aP for interaction between the TyG index and the HF phenotype with all-cause death as an endpoint, bP for interaction between the TyG index and the HF phenotype with CV death as an endpoint

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  Fig. 5. ROC curves of the MAGGIC score and the MAGGIC score plus TyG index for 3-year mortality in HF patients. ROC curve receiver operator characteristic curve, MAGGIC score Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure score, TyG index triglyceride-glucose index, HF heart failure