Theoretical synthesis reveals managerial background characteristics predict strategic choices and firm performance in organizations, highlighting leadership reflection in corporate outcomes.
Theorists in various fields have discussed characteristics of top managers. This paper attempts to synthesize these previously fragmented literatures around a more general “upper echelons perspective.” The theory states that organizational outcomes—strategic choices and performance levels—are partially predicted by managerial background characteristics. Propositions and methodological suggestions are included.
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Hambrick et al. (1984) studied this question.
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