Longitudinal network analysis reveals that collaborative ties enhance growth and learning in dedicated biotechnology firms, indicating innovation resides within organizational networks.
Walter W. Powell, Kenneth W. Koput, Laurel Smith-Doerr, Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Mar., 1996), pp. 116-145
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Powell et al. (1996) studied this question.
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