Effect of mineral fertilizers on the microflora of drained peat soils in the Northern Trans-Urals

The study of the microflora of drained peat soil was carried out in the zone of the northern forest-steppe of the Northern Trans-Urals in the Tarmanskoye swamp with an area of 125,8 thousand hectares Based on the analysis of the results of field and laboratory studies, specific features of peat soils were established, which determine the formation of peculiar microbial communities in them. It is shown that the microbial association is formed under conditions of high organogenicity at relatively low soil temperatures. In drained peat soils, bacteria represent the most numerous group of microorganisms. Among bacteria, microorganisms that use mineral forms of nitrogen grown on KAA have a numerical superiority. A small amount of nitrifying bacteria was found under perennial grasses of the 14th year of life. Fungi occupy a subordinate position due to the lack of easily hydrolysable organic matter in peat soil. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers, there is a change in the number of microorganisms of all considered biological groups. The annual application of high doses of mineral fertilizers increases cellulose decomposition in a 0,2-meter layer by 33,2%. In the years of aftereffect of fertilizers in all variants, the decomposition of cellulose differs insignificantly. Mineral fertilizers increase the coefficient of mineralization of peat under perennial grasses in comparison with the control by 1,5 times.