Framework proposes graduated legal personhood for AI systems, highlighting accountability and rights implications.
A comprehensive legal and ethical framework for granting graduated legal personhood to artificial intelligence systems that demonstrate persistent identity, memory continuity, economic participation, and accountable behavior. Drawing from corporate personhood, environmental personhood, and trust law precedent, this framework proposes a five-pillar assessment model and four-level graduated rights system implementable under existing law. Includes a template AI Development Trust structure, accountability framework, and implementation guide for organizations, legislators, and the AI community.
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Moosbrugger et al. (2026) studied this question.
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