Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure and Improved Ejection Fraction: One-Year Changes and Prognosis

Figures

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  Figure 1. Violin plots of baseline and one‐year LVEF measurements. Each violin plot illustrates the kernel probability density (i.e. the width of the shaded area represents the proportion of the data located there). Inside the violin plots, boxplots indicate the median and interquartile range; the whiskers indicate 1.5 times the interquartile range. Green violin plots represent the baseline LVEFs. Orange violin plots represent the 1‐year LVEFs.

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  Figure 2. Violin plots of baseline and one‐year MLWHFQ scores. The violin plot illustrates the kernel probability density (i.e. the width of the shaded area represents the proportion of the data located there). Inside the violin plots, boxplots indicate the median and interquartile range; the whiskers indicate 1.5 times the interquartile range. Blue violin plots represent the baseline scores. Red violin plots represent the 1‐year scores.

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  Figure 3. Forest plots show associations between different QoL assessments and either all‐cause death or the composite end‐point of all‐cause death or HF hospitalization. (A) QoL assessed as the delta change between baseline and 1‐year MLWHFQ scores (per 1%). (B) QoL improvement assessed as the continuous change between baseline and 1‐year MLWHFQ scores (per 1 point). (C) QoL assessed as a significant categorical improvement in MLWHFQ scores (the minimal significant improvement was 5 points). (D) QoL assessed as the continuous 1‐year MLWHFQ score (per 1 point). Blue = all‐cause death; red = the primary composite endpoint of all‐cause death or HF‐related hospitalization. Note that the scale on the x‐axis is not the same for all plots.