Demonstrates that CD163 metrics predict outcomes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, suggesting new therapeutic strategies.
TAM polarization carries greater pathological signal than bulk macrophage burden in RCC. CD163-based metrics associate with necrosis and retain independence alongside tumor size, supporting their incorporation into risk assessment and motivating TAM-directed therapeutic strategies. Prospective validation with survival endpoints is warranted.
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Babu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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