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Gold nanoclusters stabilized by poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (Au:PVP NCs, φ = 1.3 nm) behave as Lewis acid catalyst in aqueous media under aerobic conditions, to promote the intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of unactivated alkenes. Molecular oxygen generates a reaction center having the Lewis acidic character on the surface of Au NCs in which constituent gold atoms are formally in zero-valence state.
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Kamiya et al. (2007) studied this question.
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