The 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal triggered one of the largest post-disaster reconstruction programs in South Asia, resulting in widespread institutional, infrastructural, and governance transformation. While reconstruction efforts have been widely evaluated in terms of physical outputs, limited scholarly attention has been given to the governance mechanisms and digital systems that enabled these outcomes. This study presents a socio-technical assessment of Nepal’s reconstruction process, focusing on the role of Management Information Systems (MIS), institutional coordination, and implementation dynamics during the period 2016–2020. Drawing on secondary data from National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) publications, CLPIU operational records, and reconstruction progress reports, the study examines how digital systems and governance structures interacted to influence reconstruction performance. The findings reveal that although Nepal achieved significant reconstruction milestones, the effectiveness of implementation was shaped by systemic challenges such as fragmented data systems, limited interoperability, coordination gaps, and capacity constraints. The study contributes a socio-technical framework for understanding reconstruction governance in developing countries and offers policy-relevant insights for future recovery programs.
Deependra Paudel (Sun,) studied this question.