The Standard Model gauge group SU (3) × SU (2) × U (1) emerges from the UCM substrate without postulating gauge invariance. Three mechanisms contribute: (i) the quartic self-interaction of the transverse bulk field, constrained by div (psi) =0, is exactly U (1) -invariant (proved), with breaking only at RG-irrelevant order 6; (ii) each cell membrane carries two tangential oscillation modes whose commutation relations generate the su (2) Lie algebra via the Schwinger construction (proved), with SU (2) not SO (3) from half-integer Fock space representations; (iii) the three membrane orientations of the cubic lattice provide a colour triplet whose democratic edge-coupling is SU (3) -invariant at quartic order (conjectured). Local gauge invariance follows automatically from the Wilson plaquette structure of the link variables (proved). The coupling hierarchy kappaₘem >> kappacell gives g₃ > g₂ > g₁, matching the Standard Model. Chirality is argued to arise from helicity-selective coupling to circular membrane polarisations. The status of each result — proved, plausible, or open — is stated explicitly.
Norbert Prebeck (Sun,) studied this question.