End-stage heart failure in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries: a multicentre study

Figure 1. Patient sample by age decade at initial visit. Light blue blocks represent patients not reaching the primary outcome (mechanical circulatory support, transplantation, or death), and dark blue blocks represent those reaching the primary outcome in follow-up (n given for each block). Percentages of those reaching the primary outcome for each age decile are superimposed (horizontal line) with 95% confidence interval lines perpendicularly.

Figure 2. Breakdown of systemic right ventricular systolic function, semi-quantitatively assessed by echocardiography at initial visit and most recent echo at follow-up, comparing those who did (left) and did not (right) reach the primary outcome (mechanical circulatory support, transplantation, or death). Follow-up time (between echocardiograms) is given for both groups and was longer for those not reaching the primary outcome (P < .001). Clinical follow-up time was not different.

Figure 3. Occurrence of the primary outcome (mechanical circulatory support, transplantation, or death) by designation of right ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid valve regurgitation designations at the time of the initial echocardiogram. Excludes patients with prior tricuspid valve surgery.

Figure 4. Superimposed Kaplan–Meier curves with 95% confidence interval lines perpendicularly for subgroups of patients who have experienced various clinical events (pacemaker placement, tricuspid valve replacement, atrial arrhythmia, and ventricular arrhythmia) and progression to end-stage heart failure (% freedom from mechanical circulatory support, transplantation, or death) based on time of first occurrence of a specified clinical event as time zero. (A) Freedom from the primary outcome since first pacemaker implantation. (B) Freedom from the primary outcome since first tricuspid valve repair/replacement. (C) Freedom from the primary outcome since first ventricular arrhythmia. (D) Freedom from the primary outcome since first atrial arrhythmia.

Figure 5. Scatter plot of the entire cohort ordered by age at either last contact or primary endpoint (y-axis, oldest patient at bottom) plotted against age at time of event (x-axis) such that each row represents an individual patient. Red squares represent those who met the mechanical circulatory support, transplantation, or death primary endpoint, whereas blue circles represent those who did not. Additional circles show age at first atrial arrhythmia (yellow), ventricular arrhythmia (orange), pacemaker placement (green), or tricuspid valve repair/replacement (blue) as applicable for each patient. The scatter plot demonstrates a broad range of age at various events across the lifespan for both survivors and non-survivors.