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April 16, 2026International Journal of Molecular SciencesOpen Access

Genetic Risk Factors and Clinical Implications of Glaucoma in the Saudi Population: A Review

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Authors

AAAbdullah Faisal AlotaibiLMLojain Mohammed A. MaawadhMAMohammed Naji Obaid Almutairi

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Overview

Review synthesizes genetic studies, revealing unique glaucoma risk factors in the Saudi population, suggesting tailored interventions.

Key Points

  • This review aims to define the unique genetic architecture of glaucoma in the Saudi population based on local genetic studies.
  • Synthesis of 33 Saudi-specific genetic studies from 2014 to 2024 with over 9000 participants.
  • Analysis of gene variants associated specifically with different types of glaucoma.
  • Comparative evaluation of genetic findings against global cohorts.
  • CYP1B1 is identified as the dominant gene in primary congenital and juvenile-onset glaucoma, accounting for 76-86% of cases.
  • APOE ε2 increases the risk for primary angle-closure glaucoma (OR = 4.82), a finding not replicated in global datasets.
  • Unique allelic distributions highlight the absence of certain variants, like MTHFR T/T, in the Saudi population.

Cite This Study

Alotaibi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e07dfe2f7e8953b7cbefe0https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27083506
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Genetics and Clinical Findings Associated with Early-Onset Myopia and Retinal Detachment in Saudi Arabia2025 · 3 citations
  2. 2The Genetic Landscape of Paediatric Cataract in Saudi Arabia: A Two-Decade Cohort with Novel Variants, Genotype–Phenotype Correlations, and Bioinformatic Analysis2026
  3. 3APOE ε2-Carriers Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma in Patients of Saudi Origin2024 · 1 citations
  4. 4Association of Functional ADRB1 (rs1801252) and ADRB2 (rs1042714) Polymorphisms with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Saudi Cohort2026
  5. 5Clinical Pharmacogenomic Variants Among the Saudi Population and Their Impact on Drug Response: A Review of Saudi-Based Evidence2026