A metabolomic study of Uncaria gambir W. Hunter (Roxb.) was conducted to characterize the bioactive compound profiles present in the roots, stems, leaves, and ethyl acetate extract, while the valuation of its ethyl acetate extract will be carried out through in vivo antioxidant assays against lead acetate-induced free radicals. The metabolomic workflow combined systematic sample preparation, UPLC-MS analysis, and downstream bioinformatic processing. Metabolites were extracted from 50 µg of freeze-dried material using a methanol-water solvent spiked with internal standards. Samples underwent homogenization, ultrasonication, and centrifugation, after which the supernatant was filtered prior to LC-MS injection. In vivo assessment of lead and U. gambir ethyl acetate extract was done to 25 mice were assigned to several treatments: lead acetate alone, or lead acetate combined withU. gambirethyl acetate extract at concentrations of 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, and 300 mg/L for a period of 30 days. this study provides a valuable resource for determining the most suitable tissue types and processing conditions for maximizing the recovery of specific bioactive classes (e.g., catechins versus triterpenoids). This information is essential for ongoing efforts to standardize herbal preparations and to relate processing step with biological activity and product consistency. Measurements of MDA (malondialdehyde), SOD (superoxide dismutase), and CAT (catalase) revealed that the 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L doses enhanced endogenous SOD and CAT enzyme activity in the liver, kidneys, and testes. Furthermore, the 200 mg/L dose resulted in a 17.97% reduction in hepatocellular death. These findings suggest that the ethyl acetate extract ofU. gambirpossesses the ability to counteract lead acetate-induced free radicals and has the potential to be developed as a standardized herbal medicine candidate.
Wibowo et al. (Thu,) studied this question.