What question did this study set out to answer?

This analysis aims to evaluate the impact of autonomy policies and the Excellence Initiative on university performance in Germany.

Performance, competition, and structural change in the university sector—the case of Germany

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Analysis examines performance and structure changes in German universities, indicating competition effects from policy measures.

This analysis aims to evaluate the impact of autonomy policies and the Excellence Initiative on university performance in Germany.
Analyzed data at the university level covering 2000–2016.
Used a conditional, nonparametric approach for measuring productivity.
Employed the Malmquist index to assess productivity dynamics.
Productivity growth in teaching declined after 2005 and turned negative in 2012.
Significant differences found between excellence-funded and non-excellence-funded universities in research productivity.
Research productivity displayed a U-shaped pattern with recovery starting in 2010, especially in non-excellence-funded institutions.

Cantner et al. (2026) studied this question.

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