Linguistic analysis uncovers new Hittite words and formations related to testimony and witness in ancient texts, suggesting deeper linguistic patterns.
The word kutrus ‘witness’ is represented also in the secondary formations kutruwatar The giving of evidence’, kutruwā(i)~ To cause witnesses to testify’(?), and the preterite form kutruwahhun ‘made (one) a witness.’ Abstracts in - tar (gen. -nnas < *-tnas) are frequently formed in Hittite from nominal stems, e.g. parkuwatar ‘height’ : parkus ‘high’, irmatar ‘illness’: irmas ‘ill’, antuhsatar ‘virtus’: antuhsas ‘man.’ Examples of denominative verbs in -ā(i) are: hu(w)es(u)wā(i)- ‘be alive’: hu(w)esus ‘alive’, dammeshā(i)- ‘harm, punish’: dam(m)eshas ‘harm, punishment’, happarā(i)- ‘give out, sell’: happar ‘business transaction.’
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Clive H. Carruthers (1933) studied this question.
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