What question did this study set out to answer?

To review the pathophysiological role of the immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration and evaluate emerging immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies.

July 4, 2025SHILAP Revista de lepidopterologíaOpen Access

Immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration: pathophysiology and therapeutic potential

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Authors

QRQian RenPeking University LCLing ChenShihezi University YMYibo MaFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University

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Implication

Narrative review reveals the dual roles of the immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration, highlighting immunomodulatory targets for therapy.

Key Points

To review the pathophysiological role of the immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration and evaluate emerging immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies.
Literature synthesis of experimental and clinical evidence addressing immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine cascades, and intracellular signaling pathways in degenerate discs.
Evaluation of preclinical and translational studies investigating anti-inflammatory biologics, stem cell interventions, and gene editing techniques.
Immune cells including macrophages, T cells, and B cells, along with cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, exhibit dual actions by driving chronic inflammation while mediating tissue-protective pathways under specific conditions.
Activation of the NF-κB, MAPK, JAK-STAT, and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways directly accelerates disc cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation.
Targeted immunomodulation via biologics, anti-inflammatory compounds, mesenchymal stem cell therapies, and gene editing demonstrates significant potential to halt disc breakdown and promote regeneration.

Cite This Study

Ren et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69ed0b0a8fa16165680dcfb1 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1563635

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Implication

Narrative review reveals the dual roles of the immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration, highlighting immunomodulatory targets for therapy.

Immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration: pathophysiology and therapeutic potential

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Immune microenvironment in intervertebral disc degeneration: pathophysiology and therapeutic potential

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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