Ileal hybrid schwannoma/perineurioma presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding: a case report

Hybrid schwannoma/perineurioma (HSP) is a rare benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Its occurrence in the gastrointestinal tract with associated bleeding is exceptionally uncommon. Definitive diagnosis relies critically on a complete surgical specimens and comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis. Complete surgical removal is the preferred treatment method and is associated with a favorable prognosis. We report the case of a 19-year-old male admitted with recurrent hematochezia without obvious cause. Small bowel endoscopy revealed an ulcerated, space-occupying lesion located approximately 120 cm from the ileocecal valve in the ileum. Initial biopsy was limited by a small tissue sample, rendering diagnosis challenging. Following laparoscopic resection of the small bowel lesion, pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ileal hybrid schwannoma/perineurioma. The patient recovered well postoperatively. Through this case, we aim to explore the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnostic approach, and therapeutic strategies for HSP, thereby enhancing awareness of this rare entity.