Issues of Defense

Foreign ships armed with weapons came into the territorial seas in the late Edo period and forced the shogunate to revitalize the general plan for defending the country. Defending with cannons was planned as a strategic choice and manufacturing of cannons was promoted using the technology imported in that period. Structures were required by cannons deployed against the foreign ships. Components and system for defense are incorporated into the structures for defense and larger structures are composed based on their components and system. The aim of this paper is to research how the components and system of structures for defense by deploying cannons has been designed.