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Design science research introduces SMILE to improve knowledge sharing in defense manufacturing, suggesting new solutions.
Presents SMILE (Sustainable Methodology for Interoperable Lifecycle Environments) as a design science artifact for systematically externalizing tacit manufacturing knowledge. Applies Peffers et al. DSR methodology, Actor-Network Theory translation analysis, Ward and Daniel benefits dependency networks, and five falsifiable propositions to evaluate SMILE against defense supply chain requirements.
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Nicolas Waern (2026) studied this question.
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