Recent literature on sinoatrial node regulation highlights the roles of mitochondrial-sarcoplasmic reticulum connectomics in heart failure and advances in biological pacemakers.
currents, thereby slowing pacemaker activity. The current topical review discusses recent literature encompassing the mechanisms of SAN regulation in health and disease, including cardiac arrhythmia syndrome such as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular arrhythmia, autoimmune cardiac ion channelopathies, and SAN dysfunction in heart failure (HF). SAN dysfunction in HF frequently manifests as bradyarrhythmia, a complication that significantly increases the morbidity and mortality of HF patients and confers an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Recent studies support the previously unrecognized roles of mitochondrial-sarcoplasmic reticulum connectomics in SAN dysfunction commonly seen with HF. In addition, the roles of distinct AC isoforms that are preferentially expressed and compartmentalized in the SAN to serve a specialized function will be discussed. Finally, the review will consider recent advances in the development of biological pacemakers.
Zheng et al. (Wed,) conducted a review in Sinoatrial node dysfunction and cardiac arrhythmia syndromes. Recent literature on sinoatrial node regulation highlights the roles of mitochondrial-sarcoplasmic reticulum connectomics in heart failure and advances in biological pacemakers.