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Examines how generative AI enhances operative planning for residents, suggesting supervised implementation is needed.
= 0.003).ConclusionIn simulation-based operative planning, ChatGPT-5 frequently prompted residents to modify and reorganize operative plans, with effects varying by training level and case type. LLM assistance may function as a reflective structuring aid, but requires supervised use given occasional clinically concerning model suggestions.
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Hack et al. (2026) studied this question.
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