Eryngium campestre L.: Traditional uses, phytochemical content and biological activities

Eryngium campestre L. is a species belonging to the Apiaceae family with traditional uses. This study involved a literature review of the species E. campestre. Ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical content, and biological activity studies were selected and compiled. It is documented that the leaves, flowers, stems, roots, or all parts of E. campestre have been traditionally used as food and medicine. It has been reported to contain phytochemical compounds such as essential oils, phenolic compounds, and triterpene saponins, and to possess various activities including antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and wound-healing properties. Research on this plant is limited, and more studies are needed. Further phytochemical, pharmacological, clinical, and toxicological research would be beneficial.