Psychosocial factors, anxiety, and glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in primary healthcare settings in Indonesia

Purpose Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder frequently accompanied by psychological comorbidities such as anxiety, which may be adversely correlated with glycemic control. Psychosocial factors, including perceived social support and quality of life (QoL), are known to correlate with these outcomes. This study investigates the association between social support, QoL, anxiety, and glycemic control among patients with T2DM. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were purposively selected from a primary healthcare facility. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Diabetes Quality of Life questionnaire, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and random blood glucose measurements. Cross-tabulation and Spearman correlation were performed to examine correlations between variables. Findings This study reveals that higher levels of social support are significantly associated with lower anxiety (p < 0.01). Similarly, better QoL showed a negative correlation with anxiety levels (p < 0.01). Furthermore, elevated anxiety scores were positively associated with increased blood glucose levels (p < 0.05). Originality/value The finding of this study confirms that enhancing social support and QoL might mitigate anxiety and be associated with glycemic control among T2DM patients. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating psychosocial interventions into diabetes management programs at the primary healthcare level in the Indonesian context, and they may be associated with both mental well-being and glycemic control.