Synbiotic‐Infused Polysaccharide‐Based Edible Films and Coatings: Advances in Design, Functionality, and Food Packaging Applications

Increasing environmental concerns related to traditional plastic packaging have accelerated the pursuit of sustainable and biodegradable alternatives. This review provides a detailed analysis of recent progress in the research and application of synbiotic‐loaded polysaccharide edible films and coatings as a next‐generation active packaging strategy. The rationale for selecting polysaccharides such as alginate, starch, and chitosan is discussed, along with the fundamental properties of various polysaccharide matrices and key selection parameters related to processing and regulatory requirements. The incorporation of probiotics is examined, including viable strain selection, incorporation techniques such as microencapsulation, and critical kinetics related to probiotic viability and release. The inclusion of prebiotics, which offer structural and nutritional benefits and can enhance and protect probiotic cells, is also addressed. A significant portion of the review focuses on synbiotic systems, which act synergistically, covering their theoretical basis, mechanisms of action, effects on gut health and microbiota, and benefits to the physicochemical properties of the packaging matrix. Applications of these functional films in food systems—including dairy, meat, bakery, and fresh and minimally processed produce—are evaluated with respect to their roles in extending shelf life and enhancing product quality. Finally, challenges related to commercialization, consumer perception, and regulatory issues are highlighted, and future directions for edible microbial packaging are proposed.