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May 7, 2026Open Access

Toxicity profile of supratherapeutic loperamide: a systematic review and dose-response analysis

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Authors

EBElias BekkaATAdrian Martinez-De La TorreMHManuel Haschke

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Overview

Systematic review reveals dose-response cardiotoxicity in loperamide exposure, indicating a need for cardiac monitoring.

Key Points

  • This research aims to analyze the toxicity profile and dose-response relationship of supratherapeutic loperamide exposure.
  • Conducted a systematic review of publications on supratherapeutic loperamide in humans.
  • Excluded cases with unclear exposures or missing outcome data.
  • Used regression models to examine exposure-toxicity relationships.
  • Identified 129 cases with significant cardiotoxicity tied to high loperamide doses.
  • Severe toxicity occurred at lower doses than previously thought, with median estimated toxicity at 85 mg.
  • Mortality was positively associated with loperamide concentration, with fatalities reported in 13% of cases.

Cite This Study

Bekka et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69fbe357164b5133a91a29a9https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-433943
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