Application of Silica Sand and Silica Fume for Improving Mechanical and Durability Properties of M30 Grade Concrete

This study evaluates the performance of M30 grade concrete incorporating 7% silica fume, 15–20% silica sand, and 1% PCE-based superplasticizer. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were conducted to assess mechanical and durability properties. The results show a significant increase in compressive strength and a reduction in water absorption, indicating improved particle packing, reduced porosity, and enhanced durability. Overall, the use of silica-based materials effectively improves the performance of concrete, making it suitable for structural applications.