What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to explain the long-term stability of extranuclear electrons through their dynamic equilibrium.

May 8, 2026Open Access

Continuous Dynamic Equilibrium Mechanism of Extranuclear Electrons(Final Version)

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Theoretical framework describes electron stability in atoms, indicating predictable motion patterns.

This research aims to explain the long-term stability of extranuclear electrons through their dynamic equilibrium.
Theoretical analysis of electron motion in three-dimensional space.
Modeling the balance between Coulomb attraction and electromagnetic repulsion.
Exploring the implications of inertia on electron trajectories.
Electrons show continuous, omnidirectional motion rather than fixed orbits.
The concept of an 'electron cloud' represents deterministic motion, not random distribution.
Energy level transitions occur as continuous arc changes, not instantaneous jumps.

Jiaqing Yan (2026) studied this question.

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