State-of-the-art in 3D printing of auxetic structures: recent progress and perspectives

Auxetic structures, which are identified by their negative Poisson’s ratio, have exceptional mechanical qualities, such as increased flexibility, impact resistance, and greater energy absorption. Because of these special qualities, they are ideal for a wide range of uses in biomedical engineering, smart materials, protective gear, and aircraft. A thorough categorization of auxetic structures, including re-entrant, chiral, and rotating unit designs, is presented in this paper along with an emphasis on their unique mechanical properties. Furthermore, the development of 3D printing has transformed the process of creating auxetic structures by providing exact control over structural performance, material composition, and shape. However, there are still issues with accurate computational modelling, large-scale production, and material optimization. To fully realize the promise of auxetic structures, future research should concentrate on incorporating multifunctional materials, enhancing prediction models, and investigating innovative applications. Auxetic structures are positioned to spur innovation in next-generation engineering solutions because of ongoing developments in material science and additive manufacturing.