Endovascular extraction of a migrated large self-expanding laser-cut renal venous stent from the right ventricle

Figures

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  Fig 1. Magnetic resonance venography in a 39-year old woman with nutcracker syndrome (NCS) and pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). A, Axial image showing the compressed left renal vein (LRV) between the aorta (AO) and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). IVC, Inferior vena cava; NCP, nutcracker point. B, Selective digital subtraction venography of LRV after successful implantation of a self-expanding S.M.A.R.T. Control stent. Both ovarian veins were embolized with polidocanol foam and 12-mm Nester coils.

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  Fig 2. A, Oblique sagittal computed tomography image showing one part of the stent (S) in proximity to the tendinous chords of the tricuspid valve. LV, Left ventricle; RA, right atrium. B, Oblique coronal computed tomography image of the stent pointing toward the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT).

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  Fig 3. Endovascular retrieval of a migrated stent from the right ventricle with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance. A, Fluoroscopic image of the stent in the right ventricle, which was successfully probed with a Glidewire. B, Fluoroscopic image showing successful retrieval of the stent from the right ventricle into the inferior vena cava. A contralaterally inserted GooseNeck snare catheter is securing the stent from migrating back into the right side of the heart. C, Fluoroscopic image showing retrieval of the captured stent with a second GooseNeck snare catheter through the 18F sheath.