Clinical Profiles, Outcomes, and Sex Differences of Patients With STEMI

Figures

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  Figure 1. Sex Differences in Clinical Outcomes for Patients With STEMI in India Event rates for inpatient, 30-day and 1-year mortality stratified by sex. The overall rates of inpatient mortality were significantly higher in female patients than in male patients. Female patients also experienced higher 30-day and 1 year mortality compared with male patients. STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

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  Figure 2. Independent Predictors of In-Hospital and 30-Day Mortality A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of in-hospital and 30-day mortality. Treatment without PCI was the strongest predictor of inpatient mortality, followed by female sex, history of diabetes, tobacco use, and advancing age. Self-reported physical activity was protective. At 30 days, independent predictors of mortality remained largely unchanged. PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention.

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  Figure 3. Sex Differences in Mortality in Patients With STEMI in India A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to generate the survival curves demonstrating the difference in mortality between male patients and female patients presenting with STEMI to tertiary centers in Northern India. Relative to male patients, female patients were twice as likely to die at 1 year after follow-up (adjusted HR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.7-2.7; P < 0.0001). Abbreviations as in Figures 1 and 2.

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  Central Illustration. Risk Factors, Management, and Outcomes of Patients With STEMI in India The present analysis provides a contemporary insight into the epidemiology, management pattern and outcomes of STEMI in Northern India. There were 3,635 patients enrolled in the registry and female patients comprised 16% of the total population. Relative to male patients, female patients had a higher comorbidity burden, longer delays in accessing health care with lower rates of invasive management and higher inpatient as well as 1-year mortality. PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.