This tutorial provides an updated overview of the physiology, analysis, and interpretation of flow-mediated dilation for assessing vascular endothelial function.
May aid FMD standardization in research; leaves open prospective validation against clinical outcomes.
Developed in 1992, the flow-mediated dilation test is now the most commonly used noninvasive assessment of vascular endothelial function in humans. Since its inception, scientists have refined their understanding of the physiology, analysis, and interpretation of this measurement. Recently, a significant growth of knowledge has added to our understanding and implementation of this clinically relevant research methodology. Therefore, this tutorial provides timely insight into recent advances and practical information related to the ultrasonic assessment of vascular endothelial function in humans.
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Harris et al. (2010) studied this question.
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